Marka hadda uu dhex maro waferka, electrons-yada ku jira semiconductor-ka nooca N iyo godadka ku jira semiconductor-ka nooca P-ga ah ayaa si ba'an isugu dhaca oo dib ugu biira lakabka iftiiminaya si ay u soo saaraan photons, kuwaas oo soo saaraya tamarta qaabka photons (taasi waa , iftiinka uu qof walba arko).Semiconductors qalab kala duwan ayaa soo saari doona midabyo kala duwan oo iftiin ah, sida iftiinka cas, iftiinka cagaaran, iftiinka buluuga ah iyo wixii la mid ah.

Inta u dhaxaysa labada lakab ee semiconductors, electrons iyo godad ayaa isku dhaca oo dib isu keena oo soo saara sawiro buluug ah lakabka iftiiminaya.Qayb ka mid ah nalka buluuga ah ee la dhaliyo ayaa si toos ah uga bixi doona iyada oo loo marayo daaha fluorescent;qaybta soo hartay waxay ku dhufan doontaa daaha fluorescent waxayna la falgali doontaa si ay u soo saarto sawiro jaale ah.Sawirka buluugga ah iyo sawirka jaalaha ah ayaa wada shaqeeya (isku dhafan) si ay u soo saaraan iftiin cad.